Adolescents' Perception of Self-Care in the Context of Cancer

Abstract

Introduction: Pediatric cancer is directly related to genetic factors in which cells of the blood system, as well as supporting tissues, are affected. Throughout the treatment of childhood and adolescent cancer, impairments in physical capacity can be observed, along with reduced muscle strength, fatigue, and changes in bodily functions. Given this context, the study aimed to describe adolescents’ perception of self-care in the context of cancer. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Data collection took place from August to November 2023. Information was gathered through semi-structured interviews using an instrument developed by the researchers themselves, containing questions for the sociodemographic characterization of participants. Results: Five adolescents aged between 13 and 17 participated in the study, three of whom were female and two male. From data analysis, the following thematic categories emerged: From diagnosis to treatment: feelings and life changes, and Self-care: definitions, perceptions, and experiences from the adolescent’s perspective. Discussion: The diagnosis of a chronic illness during this stage of life leads adolescents to feel even more frustrated with their life expectations, as the illness causes a pause in their goals due to the various changes that occur in their daily lives. Final Considerations: Based on the results, it can be understood that adolescents with cancer have a simplified perception of self-care.

Keywords: Cancer; Adolescent; Treatmen; Self-Care.